Blackberries Are For Picking
This is an exploration of efficient food systems such as foraging, aquaponics, and organic hydroponics. All (terrible) photos are my own.
Thursday, October 17, 2013
Against Labeling
Tuesday, August 13, 2013
"Aquaponics Without a Pump"
"I'm throwing this out there for discussion, spawned by a recent blog, but something on my mind since first being interested in AP. NO PUMPS. Can it happen, and how?
Why? Well, 'cause if we didn't need pumps or electricity we probably wouldn't use them, and AP might truly join the ranks as a sustainable food production method, and applicable to feeding the poor, saving the world, yada yada...and at the heart of it all, I'm cheap and lazy. I find personal victory in reaching the end goal faster, smarter, easier, cheaper than "how it normally done".
The only thing that comes to mind is a wicking bed of some sort. And I need to consult my book of wild ideas before I open my mouth.
Now I won't be a stickler about including some pumps using waste energy, or some low-tech mechanics, or human power, but try to avoid solar PV and windmill electricity (not that they are not excellent, but they are being done and discussed elsewhere).
link to blog: http://community.theaquaponicsource.com/profiles/blogs/a-no-pump-sy...
Pics, sketches, links, etc are always nice. Happy brainstorming" --Jon Par
Uh... sure? Well, aquaponics isn't necessarily defined by the use of a pump, so sure. It is generally accepted that it should be recirculating--which really, really does necessitate a pump, but for the sake of discussion let's pretend I didn't say that. (AUTHORS NOTE: Bob Marley's "I Shot the Sherrif" started playing right as I wrote that.Coincidence? I think not.) Anyway, let's consider our options:
- "What the hell is this drivel?" That's not an option.
- "No seriously..." if you're not going to brainstorm nicely, then please go.
- "But.." NOW. Don't worry, I won't break the laws of thermodynamics.
- "Mechanically push water using animal/human/air/steam power" Ooh! Sounds interesting. One possible ways is to hook your bicycle to an Archimedes' Screw--as suggested by the troll currently known as KlaHaYa Gardens. Theoretically that sounds cool. The problem? That's a lot of freaking biking. Are you paying someone to do it for you? Child labor during the summer? Staying at home? Well, I have sad news, from a purely thermodynamics perspective--HOLY HELL THAT'S A TERRIBLE DEAL! You cannot possibly regain even .1% of that energy from the system. You probably won't need a gym membership anymore, but it won't save enough money if you're constantly eating. Plus, who's going to bike at three in the morning? Not me. Well, alright, what if we decide to torture the fish a little by giving them low circulation. NO! THAT IS SO FUCKING UNETHICAL, NO, I WON'T LET YOU! NO, NO FUCKING WAY! Well, that escalated quickly. Anyway, we can't shaft the fish. Heh, pun. So, what if you use steam instead? Uh, how are you creating all that steam? Solar water heater in Arizona? Perfect. You engineer something with a lower failure rate than a standard pump, I'm wisely shying away from that challenge. Next!
- What if you, like, put it on a see-saw, bro? No, that seriously hurts the fish. There is no way you can efficiently run this, if done correctly. Using steam/hydraulics would work, but I am constraining you to moving the sump tank around--the fish tank is staying level goddamnit! NEXT!
- Fuck it. Let's just do permaculture. This is my favorite, possibly because I suggested it, and more likely because it's the one that actually makes any freaking sense to me. I'm too lazy to reiterate, so here's me quoting myself for the first and last time:
Wow, I sounded so annoying one year ago, seriously. Oh, anyway, back to what I was supposedly talking about. You should do this because I really want to see someone do that. Okay, maybe a different reason, um, nope. So, uh, see any good documentaries lately? Oh, wait, this isn't aquaponics. NEXT!"Anyway, tinfoil hats aside, permaculture may hold the answer to this question. I remember reading a book by a Aus. Permaculturalist who built a giant pond, and put some trout in it. The pond was in her modest yard, and wasn't that enormous, either. Through diffusion, or osmosis, whatever, it would water some water-intensive trees, most of them tropical. Then, she had semi-aquatic plants for filtration. This is a traditional pond set-up, with some added temperate tree benefit.The way to improve on this is to remember that the Chinese already figured this out (or the Aztecs, whichever design you want). When we first learned about hydroponics or aquaponics we get the "ancients are all knowing" or "ancient technology is analogous" bit from websites (or at least I did). The Chinese used a available source of water to irrigate crops in the Southern part where this normally took place. This would create a pond for growing rice (a rice paddy). Some guy figured if you put carp in it you could get two crops out of one. So, they did. The practice spread throughout Southeast Asia. So, you could think about re-engineering rice paddies with other crops. This practice is, still, very common.The Aztec method, however, is more familiar and simpler. Make a floating raft bed. What they did was ingenious. Banished by the dominant civilization to the swampy islands of Lake Texcoco (now Mexico City) they had to find a good food system. So, they gathered reeds by the shore and put the lake bottom onto it. Then, they put it out onto Lake Texcoco. So, you could just replicate this with Styrofoam, or reeds, and use net pots (yogurt cups) in your own backyard. Now, this isn't aquaponics. This is pond culture. You should always keep the stocking densities low, and I suggest using the dual root zone method with the plant, to keep nutrients at a good level.Another idea is, well, similar to the one above, except it is a smaller, contained system. The now gone New Alchemy Institute had various ideas about greenhouse pond culture. Most of the experiments failed. But, the idea is like the one above, but aquaponics sized. The way I would think it would work is if there is a polyculture to break down solids, and a large surface area to tank volume ratio. I could see catfish and shrimp, or the like, eating from the same waster streams. Basically, you feed the catfish, and the shrimp (but less) and the shrimp will subsist mostly on algae and catfish "by-products". This could be further broken down by bacterial action, and the occasional clean every so often, to prevent solids coating on the roots.Anyway, I hope this discussion comes to a theoretical conclusion and a test, or just a test. I love empirical data. I hope to see some!"
7. That's all that's reasonably been suggested.
Well, I suppose we should just use a freaking pump and if we want to have a minimal impact, let's use micro-generated electricity for it. There, problem solved. Problem solved. PROBLEM SOLVED! Alternates will be accepted once proven. Good luck!
Soil Vs. Hydroponics (Nutrition Edition)
As to the nutritional value of certain soils there are huge differences. Soils can be low in certain nutrients, have low accessibility to them, and/or the opposite for distinct nutrients. One soil may be loaded with accessible Iron (Fe) but has a pH of 7.4--around where Fe becomes largely "unusable." Therefore, the plant--which is programmed by evolution (naturally or artificially) to spread its genes--will have to make choices about reproduction. Anyone who has talked to a pregnant, or formally pregnant, (which is everyone) should know that making offspring is incredibly taxing on resources--for members of the Kingdom Plantae as well as every other kingdom. So, a deficiency in nutrients which produces say, fruits, will result in a choice being made by the plant--produce more low-quality fruits, or fewer high quality fruits. Most flowering plants will choose to lower the quality of the fruits rather than risk something not eating it. For many garden plants, we made that strategy. Because what does a subsistence-farmer want more of?--calories or "nutrition." If you said "calories", you are likely correct. Better to be missing something in your diet than dead.
Coincidentally, if the nutrient value is high, but skewed, this effect will show up as well--for a different reason. If nitrate (NO3-) is too high in a soil/solution, then vegetative growth will not yield to flowering growth easily. As you can see, nutrient availability is a determining factor in nutritional value. In hydroponics, it is exactly the same. Without certain chemical in the soil, certain crops do not have the "correct" taste--as is the case with wine-grapes and the snobbery thereof. While hydroponics cannot replicate those chemicals if their precise formula is unknown to science, hydroponics can replicate all the nutrients necessary for individual plants to thrive, and has been able to since the 1930s.
"But wait" you say, "doesn't the soil have a wholesome, organic, natural wonderfulness of mother-earth." Uh...no. No, it does not. There is nothing different about the NO3- present in a solution of water in-between sand particles of soil than NO3- present in a solution of water in between sand particles in a hydroponic growing medium. That's the wonderful thing about physics, chemistry, and science in general: parallelism. That means that the physical forces governing one thing is the same everywhere else. If a person can tailor build their hydroponic systems nutrient solution to a specific plant, then it is likely to be more nutritional--though it is possible to do that with soil, just harder. Also, and this is a particular pet-peeve of mine, just because something is somehow "natural" it does not mean it is somehow better. You know what's naturally occurring in plants? CYANIDE. Narcotics are derived, mostly, from one plant--opium. Since when did heroin become good for you because it is natural? Uh...never... Anyway, where were we, oh right, hydroponics. The truth is, I cannot make a judgement on its nutritional quality because it is completely, and totally dependent on the situation.
What I can do is tell you which is better for the environment and is probably much healthier for you: hydroponics. Hydroponics uses significantly less pesticides, and zero herbicides--because there are no weeds. None. Pesticides are a suspected cause of Colony Collapse Disorder which threatens the entire food supply supported by bees--so basically everything. In fact, when hydroponic farms do use pesticides, it is limited and largely inside the greenhouse due to a local parasite (aphid, etc.), so it does not contaminate the bees! In fact, many greenhouses are using parasitic insects instead of pesticides. Score one point for the environment! Oh, and many of those pesticides are being shown to harm human health in minute or, historically, significant ways! The clear winner here is hydroponics.
Tuesday, July 2, 2013
Native Berries (Part 3)
Friday, June 21, 2013
Hydroponic System Plans
Today is another continuation in a series of posts about the most important agricultural system invented since the green revolution. The so called blue revolution as it's called incorporates organic and soilless techniques mixed with changing diets and consumption patterns. Many of these changes require work for the average consumer. However it is imperative for this shift to occur. Many people are part of this "revolution" in the growing urban farming movements and the general interests in all things "green".
- Gather materials
- Fill grow tray with bottom medium, make sure to spread it out first. Make sure this medium is absorbent, I used pumice found at my local supermarket. This ensured oxygen was readily available and water was kept
- Fill 2L bottle
- Carefully place 2L bottle inside medium at a non-invasive location so that it reaches the bottom
- Once certain that water is no longer flowing through the bottle place hydroton (brand name--it's just clay pebbles in a firing process) on top of the of the bottom medium so that it covers it
- If not already done place in a ideal location ( near the sun)
- Plant, enjoy, repeat*
- Gather Materials
- Outline the smaller side of the net cup with a sharpie
- Use the knife to make small incisions in the plastic top
- Slowly and carefully use the knife to go across the surface of the circle
- Make the cut so that it's close to round
- Insert the net cup to make sure it's done correctly (it should fit right in)
- Hook up your airstone with your air pump with vinyl tubing
- Put airstone in the middle of the tub
- Fill the net cup with medium that wicks
- Fill the tub with water
- Place net cups in the hole
- Plant, enjoy, repeat
Media in Aquaponics
In my opinion, gravel and water is the best media combination. One gravel bed and a few deep water culture grow-beds. But, that truly is a point of prejudice, not scientific fact.
Happy Gardening!--Blackberries are for Picking
*meaning someone who practices aquaponics
Friday, February 8, 2013
Native Berries Part 2
Sunday, February 3, 2013
Compilation of Photos
Saturday, February 2, 2013
Passive Hydroponics
- Media—I choose LECA/Hydroton or perlite for this system
- 5 gallon bucket
- A hand-operated screw driver
- A larger container
- A trash bag
- Puncture holes 5 gallon bucket with a screw driver
- Fill the bucket with media
- Fill the larger container with water
- Put a supporting piece of plastic, wood, etc. on the larger container
- If using a trash bag, rip the trash bag to allow the 5 gallon bucket to go through it
- Place the bucket, filled with media, into the water
- If needed, stabilize the bucket with tape.
- Make sure the metal part of the bucket is not in contact with the water
- Plant
- Media—I (unwisely) chose basalt for this last year. I’m doing perlite this year.
- 5 gallon bucket
- Trash bag
- Fill the bucket with 1/3 water
- Put the trash bag in the bucket
- Put the ends around the bucket so that the trash bag envelopes the bucket
- Make sure the trash bag is tucked around the bottom of the bucket
- Poke holes in the trash bag with anything—even your finger will work
- Fill with media
Wednesday, July 25, 2012
Soil Vs. Hydroponics (Water Edition)
This is a series of alternative and traditional gardening.
Here in the Pacific Northwest we have challenging soil, which should be periodically amended and limed. The easy ways of gardening simply don’t work here. However, without spending too much money, you could build soil out of cellulose found in the house (junk mail, newspapers, phonebooks, etc.) which adds a significant amount of C in the form of hydrocarbons. Also, kitchen scraps, either composted orvermi-composted, which adds N, and some K (potassium)—especially banana peels. Therefore what are left are the vital minerals of plant growth, and you simply need to lime the soil at the end of the year.
However, if you think about the water required in traditional gardens, you’re spending a lot of money, not to mention the environmental impact after a bad snow-pack. So, what is there to remedy this situation? Well, a few things.
1. A true rain garden. A true rain garden is one that does not require watering, and depending on the plant, it could either succeed or fail based on some weather patterns is summer. This is doable, but you’ll need to get rid of your tomatoes, basil plants, greens (until the fall), any water sensitive plant, etc. The benefits of such a garden are the use and knowledge of local plants and local strains. “We” here at “blackberries are for picking” talk about local plants often—most of them “we” like to eat. Our favorite plants can be found in nature. Some of “our” favorite greens come from local places, like the invasive dandelion green, or the local “miners lettuce”. Anyways, you can always alter the topography of the land you have (urban gardening will be discussed later) to better suit some non-native plant’s needs.
2. Amend the soil with compost and other water retaining material. Compost can hold water effectively, although it’s not the best at it. Other water retainers include, peat moss, perlite, vermiculite, hydroton (as a soil cover), coconut coir, and other materials. This is a quick fix and should be integrated with a true rain garden if given the chance. This is a bit more expensive than not dealing with water intensive plants altogether, but more satisfying.
3. Add a bog. This may sound a bit on the strange side, but having runoff go to help water intensive plants is a good idea. The major downside is if mosquitos decide to make it a breeding ground. So, I’d encourage this away from the home, if possible. A trench may suffice in certain conditions.
4. Stop using soil. What if I told you that you could have a system that used 70% less water (1) than you were using before? Would you believe me? Well, hydroponics does just that, due to the reusing of water. You may know hydroponics through the local news channels, which I might add, are not afraid to smear, or make up, something for ratings. This should not be news, or a good pun. The local news stations actually go out of their way to equate cannabis growing with hydroponics. Hydroponics is not for cannabis. Hydroponics has been around since 1699, when some introverted rich guy* named John Woodward invented it to find what plants needed to survive. Hydroponics is simply: the culture of plants, with added nutrients, in a soilless medium. Since hydroponics is in a contained system, the water can stick around or be recycled. This allows for more efficient use of water. The only loss of water is rare evaporation and transpiration. Therefore, the need to water every day is not present. The only time water is egregiously lost is when you dump out the nutrients, when they get out of balance. (See aquaponics/organic hydroponics for a better solution.) Furthermore, all the plants you enjoy, you can also enjoy in hydroponics.
All sorts of reasons exist for using hydroponics, from higher yield (1) to a smaller footprint. In the case of water usage, hydroponics wins.
*If you think about it, this is where most scientific progress happens—some introverted person exploring what they think is cool.